Types of Conditional Sentences in English Grammar!
Conditional Sentence Definition
A conditional sentence is often made up of two parts, that is, the if-part and the main part.
Examples
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- If you come, we shall welcome you.
“If you come” is the if-part and “we shall welcome you” is the main part.
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- If you come, we shall welcome you.
- We shall welcome you if you come.

Types of Conditional Sentences
Zero Conditional sentences
Structure: If + present simple, …. present simple.
Examples
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- If people eat too much, they get fat.
- If you touch a fire, you get burned.
- People die if they don’t eat.
- You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.
- Snakes bite if they are scared.
- If babies are hungry, they cry.
First Conditional sentences
Structure: If + Present Simple and will + Infinitive
Examples
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- If it rains, I won’t go to the park.
- If I study today, I’ll go to the party tonight.
- If I have enough money, I’ll buy some new shoes.
- She’ll be late if the train is
- She’ll miss the bus if she doesn’t leave
- If I see her, I’ll tell
- I will stay home if it rains tomorrow.
- I will be sad if my football team loses the match.

2nd Conditional sentences
Structure: If + Past Simple and Would + Infinitives
Examples:
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- If it rained, you would get wet.
- You would get wet if it rained.
- If you went to bed earlier you wouldn’t be so tired.
- You wouldn’t be so tired if you went to bed earlier.
- If she fell, she would hurt herself.
- She would hurt herself if she fell.

3rd Conditional Sentences
Structure: if + past perfect and would + have + past participle
Examples
- If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn’t study and so she didn’t pass)
- If I hadn’t eaten so much, I wouldn’t have felt sick (but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick).
- If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn’t have missed the plane
- She wouldn’t have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier
- She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university
- He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine

Degree of Adjectives Sentences Table
Positive degree | Comparative degree | Superlative degree |
This path is long. | This path is longer than that. | This path is longest of all the paths. |
My shop is big. | My shop is bigger than yours. | My house is the biggest house in the town. |
Her brother is tall. | Her brother is taller than my brother. | Her brother is tallest boy in our school. |
My bag is heavy. | My bag is heavier than yours. | My bag is heaviest of all four. |
This is a small box. | This box is smaller than yours. | My bag is heaviest of all three. |
Mixed Conditional Sentences
- If she comes, we shall go with her.
- If she comes, shall we go with her?
- If you read this book, you will pass the explanation.
- If they went there, they would be in trouble.
- They would be in trouble if they went there.
- Would they be in trouble if they went there?
- If we met, we should talk.
- If you had called him, he would have come.
- Had you called him, he would have come.
- Would he have come if you had called him?
- If we had gone there, could we not have met them?
- If she had been busy, we could not have met her.
- My friend might have bought that diamond ring if he had been a multimillionaire.
- It is possible my friend would have bought the diamond ring if ……
- If we had traveled to Kuwait by plane, we would have reached there early
- If we had traveled to Kuwait by ship, we would have reached there quite late.
- If we had been greeted by our neighbors, we would have answered them with great joy.
- The students might have been promoted if they had passed two of their subjects.
- I must have been in a hurry if I had been with you.
- If you are told about this secret, you will be surprised.
- If I were in your place, I could pass.
- If I had been in your place, I would have passed.
- If I had met him, I must have talked to him.
- If they had a TV, they could have seen this news.
- If I had been with you, you could have been saved from your enemies. (Preposition. “with” used)
- Would he have come if you had called him?
- If you had called him, would he have come?
- If we had gone there, could we not have met them?
- If I were in your place, could I do this?
- Could have had a talk with her if I had met her?
- If the Pak-India war had continued in 1965, could Kashmir have been annexed (joined) to Pakistan?
- If she had been invited, the party would have been more colorful.
- Our society would have been better if the leaders had been wise.
- wouldn’t the party have been more colorful if she had been invited to the party?
- If Ali had won the match, he would have been given a Prize. (….would he have been given a prize?)
- One thing depending on another use of “unless.”
- I shall not pass unless you teach me.
- Unless you teach me I shall not pass.
- She will buy a useless watch unless you stop her.
- Wish or feeling for the future and past.
- We wish we could travel around the world.
- I wish I were in control of the affairs of the country.
- Would that we could travel around the world!
- It is high time they all started living together.
- If only our country had enough oil!
- I wish I had not wasted my time with them.
- Would that Pakistan had progressed like South Korea after independence!
- If only Arbs had lived in unity!
- We wish China were a superpower in the 21 century.
- We wish china had been a superpower in the 20th (Wish for the past)



Conditional Sentences Exercises
- If they come we ——–be very happy indeed.
- The crop ——— be very fine if it rains.
- If she missed these classes she —— is in trouble.
- If I —— been present there I ——- have heard the news.
- ——— They visited us we —— have welcomed them.
- If the teacher ——- busy, we could not —— met her.
- If the weather ——- fine, we could ——- started on foot.
- She would (do) her work if she —– able to do so.
- If you ——— in my place, you too ———- in trouble.
- If I ———- there I would answer the questions.
- Ali could ——- written this essay if she —— gives a chance.
- Would I not ——— come if you —— asked me?
- Could I solve this problem if I ———– asked?
- Could you build a big house if you ———– rich?
- Would you not have ——— more satisfied if you ———– poorer?
- They would ——— helped him if they —– seen him in trouble.
- ——— You buy this book, read it very carefully.
- We shall all be in much trouble ——— war break out next week.
- You should not ——— buy this worthless watch.
- If I had ———— enough knowledge, I would ——– done my papers well.
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Conditional Conjunctions Examples
- Even if
- If
- If only
- Before
- Once
- Assuming
- Only if
- On the condition that
- Provided
- Whenever
- Whether
- Providing
- Since
- Therefore
- Unless
- When
- Because
- Until
- But for
- Yet
- After
- As a consequence of
- As a result of
- As long as
- As soon as
- Wherever